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Authors
Md Nawawi, Nur Zawani
Kanoo, Lina Lohshini
Ramli, Anis Safura
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Article History
Received: 27 July 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, the code of ethics of the World Medical Association. Ethical approval was obtained from the university Research Ethics Committee, Research Management Institute [100 - FPR (PT.9/19) (FERC-4-24-03)] before the study commenced. Patient information leaflets were distributed in Malay, and written informed consent was obtained from participants before they were recruited into the study. Participation in this study was voluntary, and participants were informed that they had the right to withdraw at any time without any consequence to their care. Confidentiality was strictly maintained throughout the study.
: Participants’ consent for publication is not applicable as participants’ individual data was neither provided nor presented in the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
