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Authors
Escobar-San Martín, Pablo
Droguett Droguett, Nataly https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-1979
Sabando Franulic, Vezna https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0564-6997
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Article History
Received: 10 August 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Scientific Ethics Committee of Universidad Mayor (N°: 0479/04-10-24), which is duly accredited by the Chilean Ministry of Health. As this was a secondary data analysis of anonymized administrative and clinical records, informed consent was not required in accordance with national regulations and institutional guidelines. The study fully adhered to the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki in all applicable principles, including the protection of privacy, confidentiality, and rights of participants in research involving human data.
: Not applicable. This study did not involve the collection of identifiable personal data from participants, and no individual details, images, or videos are included that would require consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
