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Authors
Kiran, Tara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2520-112X
Daneshvarfard, Maryam
Beyer, Alexander
Martin, Danielle
Breton, Mylaine
McCracken, Rita K.
Lavergne, M. Ruth
Kovacina, Neb
Katz, Alan
Pinto, Andrew D.
Kay, Jasmin
MacLeod, Peter
van der Linden, Clifton
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Staples Canada Even the Odds Campaign
Max Bell Foundation
Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto
Department of Family and Community Medicine at St. Michael’s Hospital
Upstream Prevention
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Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Board at Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada (Approval 22–143).The REB operates in compliance with the Tri-Council Policy Statement Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans, the Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004, and ICH Good Clinical Practice Consolidated Guideline E6, Health Canada Part C Division 5 of the Food and Drug Regulations, Part 4 of the Natural Health Product Regulations, and the Medical Devices regulations. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, as reflected through compliance with the ICH Good Clinical Practice guideline, and was approved by the institutional Research Ethics Board.Participants were provided with information about the study on the introduction page. Informed consent was implied by participants’ decision to continue with the survey.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
