Raquib, Obaidullah Ibn https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8011-4835
Sultana, Sharmin https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5683-0013
Khan, Md Abdullah Saeed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-0437
Prince, Golam Dastageer https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0494-7648
Haque, Mohibbul https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1823-3649
Farid, Md. Shifatul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-1058
Raihan, Md. Rafiuddin https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3492-2212
Nath, Sourav Kumar https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1306-0480
Rahman, Mantaka https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2832-7254
Shaheen, Shafia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6302-8391
Article History
Received: 23 November 2025
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 17 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM) prior to study initiation (Memo no: NIPSOM/IRB/2023/06). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before inclusion. The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki for medical research involving human subjects.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.