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Article History

Received: 27 February 2025

Accepted: 13 May 2026

First Online: 21 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the School of Public Health of Tehran University of Medical Sciences under the approval number [49033]. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants before data collection. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose and their rights, including the right to withdraw at any time without consequences. Written/verbal consent (choose the appropriate one) was obtained from all participants in accordance with ethical guidelines, including explicit consent for audio recording of the interviews. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.