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Authors
Xi, Jianxin
Wang, Shengnan
Chen, Jie
Law, Jason Chi Shing
Fan, Zhongqi
Lv, Guoyue
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (82241223)
the Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20360)
the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (No. YDZJ202201ZYTS014)
the Financial Department of Jilin Province (Grant NO. JLSWSRCZX2020-045)
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Article History
Received: 28 December 2024
Accepted: 22 April 2025
First Online: 1 May 2025
Declarations
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: The present study utilizes publicly accessible data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Given that the utilized data are anonymized and publicly available, ethical approval was not deemed necessary for this research.This study used publicly available data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES is a program conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that collects health and nutritional data from a representative sample of the U.S. population. The NHANES data used in this research are de-identified and publicly available, so no individual consent was required for this study. The study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards and institutional guidelines for research using publicly available data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
