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Authors
Imoto, Koji
Goya, Takeshi
Azuma, Yuki
Hioki, Tomonobu
Aoyagi, Tomomi
Nagata, Hazumu
Nishizaki, Akiko
Kakino, Takamori
Ishikita, Ayako
Yamamura, Kenichiro
Sakamoto, Ichiro
Tanaka, Masatake
Abe, Kohtaro
Ogawa, Yoshihiro
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Smoking Research Foundation (2024Y011)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP23K19591, JP22K16021, JP22K07963)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP24fk0210102)
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2024
Accepted: 2 May 2025
First Online: 8 May 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki and authorized by Institutional Review Board for Clinical Research of Kyushu University Hospital and Medical Institutions as a retrospective study (approval number: 23202–01), with information disclosed in an opt-out format. Therefore, written informed consent was waived by Institutional Review Board for Clinical Research of Kyushu University Hospital and Medical Institutions.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
