Ham, Da Yeon
Lee, Jae Gon
Ahn, Chung Il
Kae, Sea Hyub
Jang, Hyun Joo
Article History
Received: 19 February 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital (approval no. HDT 2023-04-001). Due to the retrospective nature of this study, which analyzes data obtained from completed medical procedures, and the strict confidentiality measures outlined in the study protocol to protect participants’ personal information, the IRB judged that the possibility of violating participants’ rights was minimal. Accordingly, the need for consent to participate was also waived by the ethics committee that approved this study. This study adhered to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.