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Authors
Elgamal, Hoda
Elhammady, Dina
El-Khair, Salwa M. Abo
El-Badrawy, Adel
Samir, Amr
Farid, Khaled
El Alfy, Hatem
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mansoura University
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Article History
Received: 25 July 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Declarations
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: After obtaining the approval from the Institutional Research Board (IRB) Committee of the Mansoura Faculty of Medicine (MD.20.11.381), a written informed consent was obtained from all included liver cirrhosis and HCC patients.
: I, as a corresponding author, hereby give my consent for the information/data/images collected from me to be published in BMC gastroenterology journal and any related media formats. I understand that this information may be publicly available and that my anonymity cannot be guaranteed if I have agreed to be identified.
: All authors declare that they have no competing interests, except for the following: This research was funded by Mansoura University, postgraduate and research funding sector; the funders had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results.
