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Authors
Zhong, Hai-Yuan
Ma, Ling-Dan
Li, Jin-Cheng
Jiang, Dan
Qin, Yu-Mei
Lai, Ming-Yu
Xiong, Guang
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Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 23 January 2026
First Online: 28 January 2026
Declarations
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: The NHANES protocol was approved by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Research Ethics Review Board. All participants provided written informed consent. As this study used de-identified, publicly available data, additional ethical approval was not required.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
