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Authors
Yao, Yuchen
Wu, Xinchun
Gao, Zhidong
Hou, Sen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (92478117)
Research and development funding of Peking university people’s hospital (2147001284)
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Article History
Received: 15 December 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (Approval No.2024PHB369-001) and adheres to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Patients enrolled from our center provided written informed consent (Supplementary File 5).This study also incorporated anonymized clinical data obtained from previously published academic literature. The acquisition and use of this data comply with the ethical standards under which the original publications were conducted. As the data used are publicly available, aggregated, and contain no personal identifiers, the institutional ethics committee granted a waiver for obtaining additional informed consent for this portion of the data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
