Xiao, Xianming
Feng, Wei
Wang, Zhili
Chen, Pengfei
Hou, Jinping
Wang, Yi
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (NCRCCHD-2022-GP-04)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Program (KJZD-M202500401)
Article History
Received: 17 September 2025
Accepted: 6 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Board of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Date: 2024/No: 419). All procedures in the study were carried out in accordance with national ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments. Because of the retrospective nature of the study, the need for informed consent to participate was specifically waived by the Institutional Research Ethics Board of Children’s Hospital affiliated Chongqing Medical University.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.