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Authors
Song, Yulan
Ren, Rongwei
Li, Ruxuan
Zou, Mingyang
Pan, Yixin
Pan, Jiebin
Chai, Changpeng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (24JRRA1090)
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 24 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University (LZU No.1 Hospital, Lanzhou, China) under approval number LDYYLL-2025-2059. The committee waived the requirement for individual informed consent, as all patient data were anonymized prior to analysis and the study was retrospective and non-interventional in nature. All procedures were conducted in accordance with institutional guidelines, national regulations, and the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
