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Article History

Received: 27 November 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All methods adhered to relevant guidelines and regulations and were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Samsung Medical Center (IRB file no. SMC 2024-09-108). The requirement for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design and use of de-identified data, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.