Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Lin, Xiaofen
Zhang, Shiwei
Lin, Xiaodang
Zhang, Limei
Wang, Pengfei
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 24 March 2026
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study involved a retrospective analysis of human participant data. The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Expert Committee of Zibo Central Hospital (Approval No.: 2026-Yan-026). The Ethics Committee determined that the study posed minimal risk and granted a waiver of informed consent. The research strictly adhered to privacy protection principles, and all analyses were performed on anonymized data. The entire research process adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was subject to the oversight of the Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
