Liao, Jian
Wang, Maojuan
Du, Mingyang
Wang, Yuan
Lu, Dingyu
Article History
Received: 4 February 2026
Accepted: 28 April 2026
First Online: 6 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (2001-P-001699/14) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (No. 0403000206). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Since all information in MIMIC-IV is de-identified, the requirement for informed consent has been waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.