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Authors
Çalışkan, Yahya Kemal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-1601
Erdem, Olgun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1433-3431
Canbak, Tolga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2096-6975
Acar, Aylin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2378-4197
Başak, Fatih https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-7437
Tosun, Hüsna https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9370-5887
Angı, Aykut https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6123-9378
Kudaş, İlyas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1319-9114
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 7 May 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences, Ümraniye Education and Research Hospital (Approval No: 548, Date: February 27, 2025). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study, in accordance with national regulations and institutional guidelines. All patient data were fully anonymized to ensure confidentiality.
: Not applicable. This study does not include identifying images or personal/clinical details of participants that compromise anonymity.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
