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Article History

Received: 11 June 2020

Accepted: 29 December 2020

First Online: 22 January 2021

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards set forth in the Helsinki Declaration (1983). The study was classified as a clinical quality-improvement program for older ER users’ care plan by the Ethics Committee and the West-Central Montreal Health Review Office for quality programs of the Jewish General Hospital (Montreal, Quebec, Canada). All participants recruited in this study provided a verbal informed consent because the study did not change the usual clinical practice. The verbal informed consent was obtained from the patients themselves in the presence of their trusted person, usually a family member, who helped them to make decision. Verbal inform consent were obtained for all participants following a systematic and standardized process used in the ED ward where the study has been performed. Participants or their legal guardian when appropriate, were informed that their medical information may be used for research purpose. If they disagreed, they informed the physician taking care of them and a note was recorded in their chart. The Research Review Office of the Jewish General Hospital and the Research Ethic Committee of the Integrated Health and Social Services University Network for West-Central Montreal approved this process.

: All authors read and gave their approval of the final manuscript and for publication.

: The authors CPL, JL, KG, CV, EM, MA and OB report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript.