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Article History

Received: 18 May 2022

Accepted: 3 November 2022

First Online: 5 December 2022

Declarations

:

: The ‘PICNIC’ and ‘PICNIC B-HAPPY’ studies were conducted at the University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG, The Netherlands) and approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the University Medical Centre Groningen. The PRE-OP study was originally approved by the National Research Ethics Service Committee North West – Greater Manchester Central and the Medical Ethical Committee from Leiden University Medical center. The PREOP study was coordinated by the University Medical Center Groningen. Centers of the PRE-OP study participating in this study were the Orsola Malphighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, The Highfield Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom, <i>S. Maria</i> Hospital Perugia, Italy and the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada. Data collection was conducted according to the revised version of the Declaration of Helsinki (October 2013, Brazil). Patients from the PICNIC, PICNIC B-HAPPY and PREOP cohorts were described earlier [CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed–CitationRef removed]. From all individual participants included in the study, informed consent was obtained in accord with the ethical standard of the local ethics committees in the participating centers.

: The participants have consented regarding publishing their data.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.