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Article History

Received: 8 April 2022

Accepted: 5 November 2022

First Online: 22 December 2022

Declarations

:

: An ethic approval was deemed unnecessary according to national regulations on research ethics in Austria. An ethics approval must only be obtained for: clinical trials of medicinal products (§§ 40 ff Medicinal Products Act - AMG, BGBl. No. 185/1983 in the version BGBl. I No. 35/2004); medical devices (§§ 57 ff Medical Devices Act - MPG, Federal Law Gazette No. 657/1996 as amended by Federal Law Gazette I No. 119/2003); the use of new medical methods and non-interventional studies (NIS) (§ 48 AMG in the version BGBl. II No. 180/2010 or § 66 MPG); applied medical research; nursing research projects (experimental or nursing intervention studies), new nursing and treatment concepts and new care and treatment methods (§ 15a Wr. KAG, LGBl. für Wien Nr. 23/1987, KAKuG, BGBl. Nr. 1/1957). Since the present study is not one of the above-mentioned study types, an ethical approval was not required, and thus the project was not reviewed by an ethics committee.A written general consent to participate in the study was obtained from the nursing home managements. All participating nursing home staff and residents were informed verbally and by a handout at initial contact. Written consent was obtained from the legal guardian of residents unable to consent. In case of participant observation, consent was repeatedly obtained interactively in the situation (ongoing consent). In case of scheduled interviews, written consent was obtained.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.