Xiong, Kun
Mao, Huiyan
Zhang, Qi’ao
Lei, Changrong
Liang, Yuanbo
Article History
Received: 21 March 2023
Accepted: 7 October 2023
First Online: 24 October 2023
Declarations
:
: The CHARLS was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Peking University (IRB00001052-11015), and all participants provided written informed consent before participating. The current study is a secondary analysis of the CHARLS public data. This study did not require separate ethical approval.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.