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Article History

Received: 17 August 2024

Accepted: 29 October 2024

First Online: 12 November 2024

Declarations

:

: This was a cross-sectional study. Medical data of older adults residing in Taiwan’s Yilan County were analyzed in this study. Permission for accessing the medical data was granted by the Director of the Center of Community Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yilan. All procedures performed in this study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and those of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital.This study was approved by the Human Subject Research Ethics Committee of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital (approval number: 2020A012).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.