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Article History

Received: 15 February 2024

Accepted: 14 January 2025

First Online: 26 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study utilizes data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), which is conducted and maintained by the Renmin University of China. The physical activity questionnaire component of the survey was designed by the Capital University of Physical Education and Sports. Both institutions obtained ethical approval for the data collection and management processes from their respective ethics committees. The CLASS survey was carried out by the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the relevant ethical guidelines for research involving human participants. All participants in the survey provided written informed consent before participating, and their privacy was safeguarded throughout the data collection process. All data used in this study were anonymized and aggregated to ensure that no personally identifiable information can be traced back to the participants. The authors of this study have complied with the ethical guidelines and requirements set forth by their own institution and the data providers. Any potential conflicts of interest have been disclosed and managed according to the appropriate protocols. For further information about the ethical considerations of this study or the data collection process, please contact the corresponding author.

: The authors declare no competing interests.