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Authors
Hammad, Bahaaeddin M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-0476
Salameh, Basma https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1372-7199
Eqtait, Faeda A.
Maysa, Kassabry
Fashafsheh, Imad H.
Ayed, Ahmad J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-8183
Elzeky, Mohamed E.H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0646-8037
Anabtawi, Rasmieh
Hayek, Mohammed F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4508-7117
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2025
Accepted: 15 April 2025
First Online: 30 April 2025
Declarations
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: All methods in this study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and its revisions, as well as the ethical standards of the institutional research committee. Prior to data collection, ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at Arab American University (2024/A/10/N). Written informed consent was obtained from participants after they were provided with detailed information about the study’s objectives and benefits. Participants were assured of anonymity, voluntary participation, and the confidentiality of their data. They were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without penalties or any impact on their academic achievements.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
