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Article History

Received: 14 January 2025

Accepted: 28 April 2025

First Online: 14 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Sport (Approval No. 102772023RT132), and informed consent was obtained from all participants. It is confirmed that this study adhered to the guidelines set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki for experiments involving human participants.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study through signed consent forms, granting permission for the dissemination and use of data shared during the interviews. Additionally, for any images involving human subjects, informed consent was specifically obtained to anonymize these images. Measures were taken to fully anonymize any identifying information, ensuring the privacy and confidentiality of all participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.