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Authors
Matsumoto, Kousuke
Tsutsui, Takako
Hashimoto, Ryu
Sakakura, Mitsuaki
Onishi, Tetsuari
Akashi, Masaya
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (JP24K00341)
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Article History
Received: 8 November 2024
Accepted: 2 May 2025
First Online: 21 May 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Japan Community Health Care Organization Kobe Central Hospital, approval number [330] and the University of Hyogo, approval number [2023-0008]. The need for individual informed consent was waived by the IRB due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, in accordance with [relevant national regulation or guideline, e.g., the Japanese Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects]. Patient consent was obtained through the facility’s opt-out process.
: Not application.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
