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Authors
Liu, Yazhou
Yang, Ying
Li, Yuhao
Yang, Xiaodong
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Article History
Received: 1 April 2025
Accepted: 4 June 2025
First Online: 14 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments. Approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Dandong Central Hospital (Approval No. DDZX-20250328), and it was determined that written informed consent was not required, as per the committee’s exemption.
: All authors of this manuscript, including LYZ, YY, LYH, and YXD, have provided their consent to participate in this study. The study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines, and informed consent was obtained from all human participants involved.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
