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Article History

Received: 5 April 2024

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 21 October 2025

Declarations

:

: This research was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board at Henan University in China (HUSOM2021-156). Informed consent was obtained from the local government office regarding the observation on public behavior on streets. This research reports no experiment on humans and/or the use of human tissue samples.

: This manuscript contains no individual person’s data in any form.

: The authors declare no competing interests.