Zhong, Senda
Wang, Yuqian
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 25 July 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
:
: We utilized de-identified data from public databases, including CHARLS, HRS, ELSA. The ethical approval was covered by the original surveys and was not necessary for the present study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.