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Article History

Received: 19 July 2025

Accepted: 15 September 2025

First Online: 27 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Approved by the Suzhou Ninth Hospital Institutional Review Board (KYLW2024-065-01). Verbal exemption was granted in 2021 under Article 18 of China’s Biomedical Research Ethics Guidelines, with written informed consent obtained from all participants.Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The consent process was approved by the Suzhou Ninth Hospital Institutional Review Board (ref: KYLW2024-065-01) and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Copies of the signed consent forms are retained by the Clinical Research Center and available for verification upon request.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.