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Authors
Watanabe, Yuya
Hyodo, Kazuki
Yamaguchi, Daisuke
Noda, Takayuki
Nishida, Sumiyo
Ueno, Aiko
Kai, Yuko
Arao, Takashi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP22K17846)
Japan Health Promotion and Fitness Foundation
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Declarations
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: All participants were fully informed of the purpose, procedures, and risks of this study, and provided written informed consent before participation. The Ethics Committee of the Physical Fitness Research Institute of the Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare approved the study protocol (approval number: 2022-0001), and the protocol was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
