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Authors
Guan, Xin https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6442-5223
Duan, A-min https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0688-6584
Xin, Gong-kai https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3819-9591
Oyebode, Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0263-8740
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2024 Liaoning Province outstanding Student project (3110024174)
Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Liaoning Province, China (Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Liaoning Province, China)
2022 Annual Liaoning Province Department of Education Basic Research Project (LJKMZ20221187)
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Article History
Received: 24 May 2024
Accepted: 18 October 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study adhered to the standards set forth in the Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of China Medical University (Ethics Committee Number: [2023]120). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of interviews.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
