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Authors
Yang, Ruomei
Sun, Fang
Yang, Zongming
Yan, Zhencheng
Zhao, Zhigang
He, Hongbo
Zhu, Zhiming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD0508300)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82495173)
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
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: The CLHLS study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052–13074). All participants or their guardians provided written informed consent. The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All research procedures were conducted following the established guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
