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Authors
Tweekittikul, Akarawin
Srinonprasert, Varalak
Sura-amonrattana, Unchana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-0401
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Declarations
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: Approval of the research protocol was obtained from Siriraj Institutional Review Board (SIRB) (COA no. Si 116/2024). Providing this study was a low-risk study, the SIRB considered the protocol as an expedited category. Data retrieval from hospital databased was made anonymized and did not require consent, according to the policy at the hospital and SIRB. The SIRB is grounded in the foundational ethical principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 and its subsequent revisions and the Belmont Report.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
