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Authors
Gencer, Nagihan Sözen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6256-0351
Çavdar, Sibel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4570-3071
Kayhan Koçak, Fatma Ozge https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6447-2352
Erol, Fatma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3095-832X
Savas, Sumru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4836-3786
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Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: The research protocol was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration and was approved by Ege University Medical Research Ethical Committee (Ethics committee decision no:24 − 10.IT/45 date: 23/10/2024).
: In accordance with institutional policies and ethical standards, informed consent is routinely obtained from all patients hospitalized in the internal medicine inpatient clinic where this study was conducted. Patients, or their legal guardians when appropriate, were informed that their medical information could be used for research purposes. Those who declined informed their physician, and this decision was documented in the medical chart. Patients who did not provide consent were excluded from the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
