Fang, Wen-Hui
Peng, Tao-Chun
Chao, Yuan-Ping
Wu, Li-Wei
Yang, Hui-Fang
Kao, Tung-Wei
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 104-2314-B-016 -011 -MY3)
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 107-2314-B-016-054)
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 104-2314-B-016 -011 -MY3)
Tri-Service General Hospital (ATSGH-C107-203)
Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 24 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (TSGHIRB Number: 2-103-05-024). All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrolment.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: The authors declare no competing interests.