Zhang, Enming
Dai, Zhengyue
Shang, Shuhui
Wang, Xiaolong
Hu, Jiale
Zhang, Xian
Zhu, Daqiao
Fang, Qiong
Article History
Received: 6 May 2024
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 28 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The study has been approved by Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Public Health and Nursing Research Ethics Committee approval (SJUPN-202018) and all methods were performed in accordance to the Declaration of Helsinki. All data were collected anonymously following informed consent, and participation was voluntary.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.