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Authors
Wang, Jun
Wang, Fang
Shi, Meihong
Chen, Hongxiu
Liu, Qingquan
Liu, Li
Xu, Xueqiong
He, Chunxia
Xu, Lisheng
Hu, Xiuying
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the West China Nursing Discipline Development Special Fund Project, Sichuan University (HXHL20015)
the nursing discipline of the Journal of Chinese Medical Association (CMAPH-NRP 2022007)
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2024
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
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: All participants signed an informed consent form before participation. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Biomedical Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University (Approval number: 2021 − 1020) and registered in the China Clinical Trial Registration Center (Registration number: ChiCTR2100052766, Registration date: 05/11/2021). The trial is in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
