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Article History

Received: 3 August 2025

Accepted: 20 November 2025

First Online: 4 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study is the result of a master’s thesis approved by the the Ethics Committee of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in Rasht, Iran (Approval ID: IR.GUMS.REC.1401.415; Approval Date: 2022-11-09). This study was performed under the ethical standards as laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. They were assured that they could withdraw from the research whenever they wished, and all their information would remain confidential.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.