Ruan, Haiyan
Ban, Chao
Yi, Wei
Yang, Liu
Ma, Hongli
Zhao, Liming
Wang, Ziqiong
Wang, Kexin
Zheng, Yi
Song, Ningying
He, Sen
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Major Project of Tibetan Autonomous Region of China (XZ202201ZD0001G01)
Key Research and Development Projects of Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau (2022-YF05-01335-S)
Sichuan Science and Technology Program, China (2022YFS0186)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81600299)
Article History
Received: 21 February 2025
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was based on the CLHLS, which was approved by Peking University’s research ethics committee (IRB00001052–13074) and conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was given by survey participants prior to their participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.