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Authors
Ruan, Xuting
Yu, Renyi
Zhao, Lu
Mao, Xin
Ran, Lingyun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the First-Class Discipline Team in Adult and Geriatric Nursing of Kunming Medical University (2024XKTDPY15)
the Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Care for Chronic Diseases in the Elderly of the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education
the Popular Science Project of Philosophy and Social Science Planning of Yunnan Province (SKPJ2025033)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study adheres to the guidelines for human research and was carried out ethically, in strict accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. This study received approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of Kunming Medical University (No. KMMU2024MEC256). All research methods were conducted in strict compliance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Prior to the study, the researchers obtained both written and verbal informed consent from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
