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Authors
Li, Yaya
Yoshida, Hiroko
Akagi, Yuya
Tominaga, Yuri
Nishida, Mei
Sugibayashi, Ayumi
Shi, Liyu
Koetaka, Hanayo
Maus, Marlon
Yu, Gary
Kamide, Kei
Kido, Michiko
Kabayama, Mai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23K19802)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23K24672)
Osaka National Health Insurance Health Up Support Project
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Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 31 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki principles and was approved by the Institutional review board of The University of Osaka Hospital (No.22243-3). All participants gave informed consent by virtue of returning the filled questionnaire. No human experiment or use of human tissue was involved in this study. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
