Malatyali, Ayse https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-6914
Xie, Rui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-8131
Ojo, Eunice Oladepe https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3511-8220
Lopez, Janet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3682-8331
Diniz, Breno S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-1905
Kim, Dahee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4376-9536
Cidav, Tom https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9069-0229
Thiamwong, Ladda https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8506-5812
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (R01MD018025)
Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study used the publicly released data from the Health and Retirement Study. The exempt status is established by the University of Central Florida Institutional Review Board (IRB ID: MOD00006439).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.