Sangkla, Jettapon
Phulkerd, Sirinya
Sujaritpong, Sarunya
Gray, Rossarin Soottipong
Chamratrithirong, Aphichat
Pattaravanich, Umaporn
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors affirm that all research methods and procedures employed in this study complied with the principles and requirements outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University (IPSR-IRB), Certificate of Approval No. 2025/04–020, dated April 24, 2025. All data were analyzed in aggregate form without identifying individual respondents, and no direct contact with participants was involved.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.