Liang, Hao-Bin
Zhu, Ringo Tang-Long
Luo, Yu-Yan
Song, Zhen
He, Wei-Tao
Yam, Isabella Chee-Yin
Li, Ka-Shing
Ren, Wei
Li, Ke-Jing
Wang, Feng-Yi
Li, Shuai
Hou, Huiying Cynthia
Wei, Quan
Zheng, Yong-Ping
Ye, Xiu-Qin
Ma, Christina Zong-Hao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1.4Y.55.0000)
Research Institute for Smart Ageing (RISA), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (P0050950)
Article History
Received: 26 November 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (reference code: HSEARS20240604004, date of approval: 4 June 2024). During participant recruitment, the purpose of the whole procedure of this study has been explained to the participants and written informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.
: All authors have approved this manuscript for publication. This manuscript has not previously been published and is not pending publication elsewhere.
: The authors declare no competing interests.