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Authors
Ojijieme, Nnaelue Godfrey
Xiao, Long
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Article History
Received: 9 January 2026
Accepted: 23 March 2026
First Online: 6 April 2026
Declarations
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: The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) protocol was reviewed and approved by the University of Michigan's Health Sciences and Behavioral Sciences Institutional Review Board, protocol number HUM00061128. Written informed consent was obtained from participants with a promise of confidentiality. All individuals voluntarily participated in the study.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
