Madden, Andrea M.
Soepnel, Larske M.
Africa, Chad
Rhoda, Janice L.
Morar, Zeena
Lambert, Estelle V.
Gutterman, Sam
Millard, Francois
Bolnick, Howard
Davies, Jessica C.
Dugas, Lara R.
Funding for this research was provided by:
AXA Research fund
Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 30 April 2026
Declarations
:
: As a systematic review without original data, this study was exempt from ethical approval. To our knowledge, all included studies obtained ethical approval from their respective institutions.
: Not applicable.
: Francois Millard reports a relationship with Vitality Group that includes: employment. Francois Millard reports a relationship with Discovery Ltd that includes: equity or stocks. The other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: This review was not prospectively registered. The protocol can be requested from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.