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Authors
Zhang, Ying
Wang, Yuzhu
Zhou, Sunhui
Zuo, Chengchun
Hou, Xingyun
Li, Jie
Ding, Xiaoqiang
Lv, Qianzhou
Li, Xiaoyu
Pan, Kunming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Project of Clinical Key Subject Construction of Shanghai (shslczdzk06504)
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (No.202240293)
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (No.20244Y0101)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.82204520)
Shanghai "Rising Stars of Medical Talent" Youth Development Program Youth Medical Talents – Clinical Pharmacist Program (SHWSRS (2023)106)
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Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 27 April 2026
First Online: 7 May 2026
Declarations
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: The study rigorously followed the ethical principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from all participating institutions, including the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (No. B2024–451(2)), the Ethics Committee of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University (No. K–2025–024), and the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital (No. 2025SL058). Informed consent was waived for this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
