Huang, Jinghong https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6055-8485
Liu, Xiaojun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-8604
Paek, Seung Chun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-5572
Article History
Received: 25 March 2026
Accepted: 4 June 2026
First Online: 8 June 2026
Declarations
:
: This study followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guideline and the Declaration of Helsinki. The CLHLS received approval from the Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-13074) and all participants signed the written consent. This study’s ethics clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University with certificate number 2026/051.
: None.
: The authors declare no competing interests.