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Authors
Xi, Chunhua
Wan, Meixuan
Wu, Haiyao
Zhang, Shuaihao
He, Yuanming
Qiu, Daojing
Wang, Xiaowei
Liu, Zhi
Chen, Xiaobin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program (PX2025002)
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Article History
Received: 13 September 2025
Accepted: 12 June 2026
First Online: 20 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study strictly adhered to Helsinki Declaration. Approval for the research was granted by the ethics committee of The Seventh Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital (No. 2015-081). The study was a retrospective analysis of an existing clinical database, using anonymized data collected during routine clinical care. Because the study involved no direct patient contact, no experimental interventions, and only de-identified data, the Ethics Committee granted a waiver of informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not Applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
